Nematology EPN and Virus Vector Nematodes
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Question No. 1
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Which nematode families have potential as biocontrol agents?
A.
Dorylaimidae and Alaimidae
B.
Aphelenchidae and Tylenchidae
C.
Rhabditidae and Panagrolaimidae
D.
Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae
Question No. 2
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What bacteria is associated with Steinernema nematodes?
A.
Azotobacter
B.
Rhizobium
C.
Xenorhabdus
D.
Photorhabdus
Question No. 3
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What bacteria is associated with Heterorhabditis nematodes?
A.
Pseudomonas
B.
Bacillus
C.
Photorhabdus
D.
Xenorhabdus
Question No. 4
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Which nematode is used against Holotrichia serrata?
A.
Pratylenchus penetrans
B.
Meloidogyne incognita
C.
Steinernema carpocapsae
D.
Heterorhabditis indicus
Question No. 5
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What is the commercially available EPN formulation in India?
A.
Root Guard
B.
Nematode Plus
C.
Biocontrol
D.
Ecomax
Question No. 6
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What nematodes are used in the Ecomax formulation?
A.
H. glycines and H. avenae
B.
P. penetrans and T. semipenetrans
C.
M. incognita and R. reniformis
D.
S. carpocapsae and H. bacteriophora
Question No. 7
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What is the common name for the product of Neoplectana carpocapsae with Achromobacter nematophilus?
A.
Root Defender
B.
Nematode Shield
C.
Green Guard
D.
Black Commando
Question No. 8
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What does NEPO stand for?
A.
Nematode-associated Polyhedral proteins
B.
Nematode-encapsulated Polyhedral particles
C.
Nematode-vectored Polyhedral organisms
D.
Nematode-transmitted Polyhedral viruses
Question No. 9
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Which nematode transmits Tomato black ring virus?
A.
Pratylenchus sp.
B.
Trichodorus similis
C.
Xiphinema index
D.
Longidorus sp.
Question No. 10
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Which nematode transmits Raspberry ring spot virus?
A.
Meloidogyne sp.
B.
Trichodorus similis
C.
Xiphinema index
D.
Longidorus elogatus
Question No. 11
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Which nematode transmits Grapevine fan leaf virus?
A.
Pratylenchus sp.
B.
Trichodorus similis
C.
Longidorus sp.
D.
Xiphinema index
Question No. 12
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Which nematode transmits Tobacco/tomato ring spot virus?
A.
Meloidogyne sp.
B.
Trichodorus similis
C.
Longidorus sp.
D.
Xiphinema americana
Question No. 13
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Which virus is transmitted by Trichodorus similis?
A.
Raspberry ring spot virus
B.
Grapevine fan leaf virus
C.
Tomato black ring virus
D.
Tobacco rattle virus
Question No. 14
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Which virus is associated with Pea early browning?
A.
Raspberry ring spot virus
B.
Grapevine fan leaf virus
C.
Tomato black ring virus
D.
Tobacco rattle virus
Question No. 15
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What does NETO stand for?
A.
Nematode-vectored Tobraviruses
B.
Nematode-associated Tobraviruses
C.
Nematode-encapsulated Tobraviruses
D.
Nematode-transmitted Tobraviruses
Question No. 16
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What is a unique characteristic of the nematode intestine?
A.
Presence of a cuticle
B.
Presence of a muscular layer
C.
Presence of cilia
D.
Absence of intima
Question No. 17
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What are microvilli in the nematode intestine?
A.
Fold-like structures
B.
Tube-like structures
C.
Hair-like projections
D.
Finger-like projections
Question No. 18
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What is the function of microvilli in the nematode intestine?
A.
Excretion only
B.
Absorption only
C.
Digestion only
D.
Secretion and absorption
Question No. 19
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What structures are present in the cloaca of male nematodes?
A.
Ovary and uterus
B.
Pharynx and metacorpus
C.
Stylet and esophagus
D.
Spicules and gubernaculum
Question No. 20
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What is the function of spicules and gubernaculum in male nematodes?
A.
Sensing the environment
B.
Aiding in locomotion
C.
Anchoring the nematode in the host
D.
Opening the vulva for sperm transfer
Question No. 21
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What does 'monodelphic' refer to in female nematodes?
A.
Multiple ovaries
B.
No ovaries
C.
Two functional ovaries
D.
One functional ovary
Question No. 22
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What does 'didelphic' refer to in female nematodes?
A.
Multiple ovaries
B.
No ovaries
C.
One functional ovary
D.
Two functional ovaries
Question No. 23
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What does 'monorchic' refer to in male nematodes?
A.
Multiple testes
B.
No testes
C.
Two testes
D.
One testis
Question No. 24
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What does 'diorchic' refer to in male nematodes?
A.
Multiple testes
B.
No testes
C.
One testis
D.
Two testes
Question No. 25
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What does 'multivoltine' mean?
A.
Variable generations per year
B.
No generations per year
C.
One generation per year
D.
Multiple generations per year
Question No. 26
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Which nematodes are examples of multivoltine species?
A.
Globodera rostochiensis
B.
Heterodera avenae
C.
Anguina tritici
D.
Meloidogyne, Pratylenchus, Rotylenchulus
Question No. 27
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What does 'univoltine' mean?
A.
Variable generations per year
B.
No generations per year
C.
Multiple generations per year
D.
One generation per year
Question No. 28
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Which nematode is an example of a univoltine species?
A.
Rotylenchulus reniformis
B.
Pratylenchus penetrans
C.
Meloidogyne incognita
D.
Anguina tritici
Question No. 29
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Which Heterodera species is univoltine?
A.
Heterodera trifolii
B.
Heterodera schachtii
C.
Heterodera glycines
D.
Heterodera avenae
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