Genetics and Plant Breeding Chromosome: Structure and Function
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Question No. 1
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Who first described chromosomes?
A.
Flemming
B.
Strasburger
C.
Waldeyer
D.
Sutton
Question No. 2
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Who coined the term 'chromosome'?
A.
Sutton
B.
Flemming
C.
Waldeyer
D.
Strasburger
Question No. 3
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During which phase of mitosis are chromosomes most easily counted?
A.
Telophase
B.
Metaphase
C.
Prophase
D.
Anaphase
Question No. 4
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How many chromosomes does a tomato have?
A.
14
B.
48
C.
24
D.
16
Question No. 5
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How many chromosomes does an onion have?
A.
48
B.
16
C.
14
D.
24
Question No. 6
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How many chromosomes does tobacco have?
A.
16
B.
48
C.
24
D.
14
Question No. 7
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How many chromosomes does rice have?
A.
14
B.
24
C.
16
D.
48
Question No. 8
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How many chromosomes does bajra have?
A.
48
B.
16
C.
14
D.
24
Question No. 9
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How many chromosomes does pea have?
A.
24
B.
48
C.
14
D.
16
Question No. 10
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How many chromosomes does rye have?
A.
16
B.
24
C.
14
D.
48
Question No. 11
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What are the main components of chromatin?
A.
DNA and protein
B.
RNA and protein
C.
DNA only
D.
DNA, protein, and RNA
Question No. 12
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What percentage of chromosomal proteins do histones constitute?
A.
50%
B.
20%
C.
80%
D.
90%
Question No. 13
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What are chromosomes composed of?
A.
Proteins
B.
Nucleic acids
C.
Carbohydrates
D.
Lipids
Question No. 14
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What do nucleotides consist of?
A.
Sugar and nitrogenous base
B.
Purine and pyrimidine
C.
DNA and RNA
D.
Nucleoside and phosphoric acid
Question No. 15
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What does a nucleoside consist of?
A.
Purine and pyrimidine
B.
Phosphate and sugar
C.
Sugar and nitrogenous base
D.
DNA and RNA
Question No. 16
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What are the two types of nitrogenous bases?
A.
Adenine and guanine
B.
Thymine and cytosine
C.
Purine and pyrimidine
D.
Uracil and adenine
Question No. 17
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Where is RNA found?
A.
Nucleus only
B.
Cytoplasm only
C.
Mitochondria
D.
Cytoplasm and nucleus
Question No. 18
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What is the primary function of RNA?
A.
DNA replication
B.
Energy production
C.
Protein synthesis
D.
Cell division
Question No. 19
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What is the genetic material in most plant viruses?
A.
ds-DNA
B.
ss-DNA
C.
ds-RNA
D.
ss-RNA
Question No. 20
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How many chromosomes does potato have?
A.
14
B.
48
C.
16
D.
24
Question No. 21
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How many chromosomes does jowar have?
A.
48
B.
14
C.
20
D.
16
Question No. 22
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How many chromosomes does maize have?
A.
14
B.
20
C.
48
D.
16
Question No. 23
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How many chromosomes does a honey bee have?
A.
16
B.
48
C.
32
D.
24
Question No. 24
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How many chromosomes does Ascaris megalocephala have?
A.
8
B.
4
C.
2
D.
12
Question No. 25
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How many chromosomes does a fruit fly have?
A.
4
B.
12
C.
8
D.
2
Question No. 26
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How many chromosomes does a human have?
A.
23
B.
44
C.
46
D.
48
Question No. 27
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How many chromosomes does a house fly have?
A.
8
B.
24
C.
12
D.
4
Question No. 28
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How many chromosomes does a rat have?
A.
40
B.
42
C.
44
D.
21
Question No. 29
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Which plant virus contains ds-DNA?
A.
Potato virus X
B.
Tobacco mosaic virus
C.
Cauliflower mosaic virus
D.
Cucumber mosaic virus
Question No. 30
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What percentage of total cellular RNA does mRNA constitute?
A.
80%
B.
50%
C.
5-10%
D.
10-15%
Question No. 31
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What is the function of mRNA?
A.
Carries amino acids to ribosomes
B.
Forms ribosomes
C.
Carries genetic information from DNA
D.
Catalyzes protein synthesis
Question No. 32
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What is another name for tRNA?
A.
Messenger RNA
B.
Ribosomal RNA
C.
Soluble RNA
D.
Transfer RNA
Question No. 33
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What is the function of tRNA?
A.
Carries genetic information from DNA
B.
Forms ribosomes
C.
Carries amino acids to the site of protein synthesis
D.
Catalyzes protein synthesis
Question No. 34
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What percentage of total cellular RNA does tRNA constitute?
A.
5-10%
B.
80%
C.
10-15%
D.
50%
Question No. 35
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What is the most stable type of RNA?
A.
tRNA
B.
miRNA
C.
rRNA
D.
mRNA
Question No. 36
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What percentage of total cellular RNA does rRNA constitute?
A.
10-15%
B.
50%
C.
80%
D.
5-10%
Question No. 37
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Where is DNA located?
A.
Nucleus only
B.
Cytoplasm only
C.
Nucleus, mitochondria, and chloroplast
D.
Mitochondria only
Question No. 38
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What is the primary function of DNA?
A.
Protein synthesis
B.
Energy production
C.
Encodes genetic information
D.
Cell signaling
Question No. 39
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What is the structure of DNA?
A.
Single-stranded helix
B.
Triple-stranded helix
C.
Circular
D.
Double-stranded helix
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