Agro ecology; cropping pattern as indicators of environments 2
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Question No. 1
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Which term describes an agricultural system that integrates ecological principles for the design and management of sustainable agroecosystems?
A.
Green Revolution
B.
Agroecology
C.
Monoculture
D.
Industrial Agriculture
Question No. 2
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A cropping pattern dominated by millets like Bajra and Jowar is a primary indicator of what type of environment?
A.
Coastal saline soils
B.
Alpine meadows
C.
Arid and semi-arid climate
D.
High rainfall tropical zones
Question No. 3
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The practice of growing two or more crops simultaneously on the same piece of land without any definite row pattern is known as:
A.
Mixed cropping
B.
Relay cropping
C.
Intercropping
D.
Crop rotation
Question No. 4
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What does a high Crop Diversification Index in a region primarily indicate?
A.
High reliance on a single cash crop
B.
Greater agricultural resilience and biodiversity
C.
Prevalence of shifting cultivation
D.
Low soil fertility
Question No. 5
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The cultivation of deep-rooted crops like Pigeon pea (Arhar) alongside shallow-rooted crops like Groundnut is an example of exploiting which ecological principle?
A.
Allelopathy
B.
Symbiotic nitrogen fixation
C.
Stratified resource utilization
D.
Competitive exclusion
Question No. 6
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Which cropping system is designed to mimic the structure and diversity of natural ecosystems?
A.
Agroforestry systems
B.
Monocropping systems
C.
Hydroponic systems
D.
Industrial farming
Question No. 7
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The presence of leguminous crops like chickpeas or lentils in a crop rotation is a strong indicator of a farmer's focus on:
A.
Weed suppression
B.
Pest control
C.
Improving soil fertility
D.
Water conservation
Question No. 8
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Shifting cultivation (Jhum) is a cropping pattern historically indicative of which type of environment?
A.
Densely populated river plains
B.
Forest-rich, hilly, and tribal areas
C.
Irrigated canal command areas
D.
Arid desert landscapes
Question No. 9
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The intensive cultivation of rice and wheat in rotation in the Indo-Gangetic plains is an indicator of:
A.
High water availability and fertile soils
B.
Rainfed dryland agriculture
C.
Saline and alkaline conditions
D.
Traditional subsistence farming
Question No. 10
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What is the ecological term for the beneficial or harmful effects of one plant on another through the release of biochemicals?
A.
Photosynthesis
B.
Transpiration
C.
Allelopathy
D.
Mutualism
Question No. 11
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A cropping pattern with a high prevalence of sugarcane cultivation typically indicates what environmental and economic conditions?
A.
Short growing season and low water
B.
High rainfall/irrigation facilities and proximity to a sugar mill
C.
Subsistence farming in remote hills
D.
Dryland farming with low inputs
Question No. 12
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The practice of growing a second crop after the first crop has been harvested is known as:
A.
Sequential cropping
B.
Ratoon cropping
C.
Intercropping
D.
Mixed cropping
Question No. 13
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Which of the following is NOT a principle of agroecology?
A.
Maximizing use of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides
B.
Enhancing biodiversity
C.
Optimizing nutrient cycling
D.
Improving soil health
Question No. 14
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The presence of earthworms in agricultural soil is a key bio-indicator of:
A.
High soil compaction
B.
Low organic matter
C.
Good soil health and aeration
D.
Waterlogged conditions
Question No. 15
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Growing crops like cotton and soybean in rotation primarily helps in:
A.
Breaking the life cycle of specific pests and diseases
B.
Increasing waterlogging issues
C.
Fixing atmospheric carbon
D.
Depleting soil potassium
Question No. 16
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In agroecology, 'resilience' refers to the ability of an agroecosystem to:
A.
Produce the highest possible yield in one season
B.
Recover from disturbances like drought or pest attacks
C.
Depend solely on external inputs
D.
Support only one type of crop
Question No. 17
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The cropping pattern in the 'zaid' season in India, which falls between rabi and kharif, is an indicator of:
A.
Deep water-logged areas
B.
Regions with long, harsh winters
C.
Areas with access to short-duration irrigation
D.
Snow-fed perennial river basins
Question No. 18
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Growing mustard as a 'trap crop' in a cabbage field is an agroecological strategy for:
A.
Nutrient management
B.
Pest management
C.
Weed management
D.
Soil conservation
Question No. 19
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What does the term 'cropping intensity' indicate?
A.
The number of different crops grown on a farm
B.
The total yield per unit area
C.
The number of times a piece of land is cultivated in a year
D.
The amount of fertilizer used per crop
Question No. 20
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The prevalence of plantation crops like tea, coffee, and rubber indicates which specific agro-climatic condition?
A.
Arid plains with sandy soil
B.
Temperate grasslands
C.
Specific hilly slopes with well-distributed rainfall and acidic soils
D.
Coastal areas with saline water intrusion
Question No. 21
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Relay cropping, where a second crop is sown before the first crop is harvested, is an indicator of a farmer's attempt to:
A.
Maximize the use of a short growing window
B.
Practice fallowing
C.
Reduce crop diversity
D.
Encourage weed growth
Question No. 22
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An agroecosystem with high functional diversity is likely to have:
A.
Better self-regulation and stability
B.
High dependence on chemical inputs
C.
A single dominant crop species
D.
Low resistance to pests
Question No. 23
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The cultivation of salt-tolerant crops like coconut and certain rice varieties is an indicator of which environmental condition?
A.
High altitude regions
B.
Acidic soils
C.
Coastal ecosystems with soil salinity
D.
Drought-prone interiors
Question No. 24
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What is ratoon cropping?
A.
Growing a mix of seeds together
B.
Cultivating the regrowth from the stubble of the previous crop
C.
Planting trees along with crops
D.
Alternating cereals with legumes
Question No. 25
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A shift from growing diverse traditional millets to monoculture of maize, often driven by government subsidies, can be an indicator of:
A.
An increase in agro-biodiversity
B.
A move towards more sustainable practices
C.
Erosion of traditional ecological knowledge and crop diversity
D.
An improvement in regional water tables
Question No. 26
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The main objective of 'intercropping' is to:
A.
Maximize competition between plants
B.
Increase the total yield per unit area through complementary interactions
C.
Simplify farm management
D.
Use more pesticides effectively
Question No. 27
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Cover crops like clover or vetch are often planted in agroecological systems primarily to:
A.
Serve as the main cash crop
B.
Prevent soil erosion and improve soil health
C.
Attract harmful pests
D.
Increase soil compaction
Question No. 28
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The 'three sisters' farming system (maize, beans, and squash) of Native American agriculture is a classic example of:
A.
Monoculture
B.
Industrial agriculture
C.
Polyculture or companion planting
D.
Hydroponics
Question No. 29
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A change in cropping patterns from cotton to horticulture crops in a region could indicate:
A.
A decrease in water availability
B.
A shift towards higher-value markets and changing farmer preferences
C.
A decline in soil fertility
D.
An increase in farm labor scarcity
Question No. 30
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Which concept in agroecology focuses on the total amount of solar energy converted into chemical energy by an agroecosystem's producers?
A.
Energy efficiency
B.
Net primary productivity
C.
Biomagnification
D.
Nutrient cycling
Question No. 31
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The presence of shelterbelts or windbreaks (rows of trees) around agricultural fields is an indicator of an environment prone to:
A.
Waterlogging
B.
High humidity
C.
Soil erosion by wind
D.
Frost
Question No. 32
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Why is a polyculture system generally considered more resilient to pest outbreaks than a monoculture?
A.
It has no pests
B.
It uses more pesticides
C.
It provides habitat for natural enemies of pests and confuses pests
D.
Pests do not like diverse plants
Question No. 33
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A cropping pattern dependent on canal irrigation is vulnerable to disruptions in which of the following?
A.
Monsoon rainfall patterns
B.
Local pest cycles
C.
Upstream water management and dam operations
D.
Global market prices
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