Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility
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Question No. 1
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The Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility states that as a consumer consumes more units of a commodity, the additional utility derived from each successive unit:
A.
Increases
B.
Decreases
C.
Remains constant
D.
First increases, then decreases
Question No. 2
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At which point does Total Utility reach its maximum according to the Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility?
A.
When Marginal Utility is increasing
B.
When Marginal Utility is zero
C.
When Marginal Utility is negative
D.
When Marginal Utility is constant
Question No. 3
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Which of the following is an essential assumption for the Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility to hold true?
A.
The consumer's income changes frequently
B.
Units of the commodity consumed are heterogeneous
C.
Consumption occurs without a time gap
D.
The taste and preferences of the consumer change constantly
Question No. 4
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If Marginal Utility becomes negative, what happens to Total Utility?
A.
It continues to increase
B.
It reaches its maximum
C.
It starts to decrease
D.
It remains constant
Question No. 5
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The 'paradox of value' (e.g., water having low market price but high survival value, while diamonds have high market price but low survival value) is best explained by:
A.
The Law of Equi-Marginal Utility
B.
The Law of Demand
C.
The Law of Supply
D.
The Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility
Question No. 6
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What is Marginal Utility?
A.
The total satisfaction derived from consuming all units of a commodity
B.
The additional satisfaction gained from consuming one more unit of a commodity
C.
The average satisfaction per unit consumed
D.
The satisfaction derived from the first unit consumed
Question No. 7
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The Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility is also known as:
A.
Gossen's Second Law
B.
Giffen's Paradox
C.
Gossen's First Law
D.
Engel's Law
Question No. 8
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When Total Utility is increasing at a decreasing rate, what can be inferred about Marginal Utility?
A.
Marginal Utility is increasing
B.
Marginal Utility is constant and positive
C.
Marginal Utility is decreasing but positive
D.
Marginal Utility is zero or negative
Question No. 9
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Which of the following statements about the Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility is INCORRECT?
A.
It assumes the cardinal measurement of utility.
B.
It forms the basis of the Law of Demand.
C.
It applies to all goods and services without exception.
D.
It assumes the standard size of units of consumption.
Question No. 10
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According to the Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility, a rational consumer will stop consuming a good when:
A.
Total Utility starts to increase rapidly
B.
Marginal Utility becomes zero
C.
Marginal Utility starts to increase
D.
Total Utility is equal to Marginal Utility
Question No. 11
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The traditional exposition of the Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility often relies on the assumption that utility can be:
A.
Ranked ordinally
B.
Measured cardinally
C.
Measured only comparatively
D.
Inferred from behavior only
Question No. 12
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Which factor, if it changes significantly, would most likely violate the assumption of 'constant tastes and preferences' in the Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility?
A.
A change in the price of the commodity
B.
An increase in the consumer's income
C.
A new marketing campaign making the product more desirable
D.
A temporary pause between consumption units
Question No. 13
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The downward sloping segment of the demand curve is primarily a consequence of:
A.
The Law of Supply
B.
The Law of Returns to Scale
C.
The Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility
D.
The Theory of Production
Question No. 14
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If a consumer is feeling very thirsty, the first glass of water provides immense satisfaction. The second glass provides less, and so on. This scenario perfectly illustrates:
A.
The concept of elasticity
B.
The Law of Supply
C.
The Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility
D.
The income effect
Question No. 15
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Which of the following is NOT an exception to the Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility?
A.
Collection of rare stamps by a philatelist
B.
A miser's desire for money
C.
Consumption of basic necessities like food when hungry
D.
Reading good books or listening to music
Question No. 16
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The point of satiety in consumption refers to the level where:
A.
Marginal Utility is at its maximum
B.
Total Utility is at its minimum
C.
Marginal Utility is zero
D.
Total Utility is increasing at an increasing rate
Question No. 17
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The Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility forms the basis for understanding consumer behavior in relation to:
A.
Producer surplus
B.
Market equilibrium
C.
Consumer surplus
D.
Firm production costs
Question No. 18
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If the successive units of a good are not identical (e.g., decreasing in quality), the Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility:
A.
Will still hold true without any modification
B.
Will be reinforced (MU decreases faster)
C.
May not hold true as the assumption of homogeneity is violated
D.
Will become the Law of Increasing Marginal Utility
Question No. 19
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Which of the following graphs accurately represents a typical Marginal Utility curve for a normal good, according to the Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility?
A.
An upward-sloping line
B.
A horizontal line at a positive level
C.
A downward-sloping line that eventually crosses the x-axis
D.
A U-shaped curve
Question No. 20
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When the marginal utility of money is assumed to be constant, it implies that:
A.
The value of money does not change regardless of income.
B.
The utility derived from an additional unit of money remains the same for the consumer.
C.
Consumers are indifferent to earning more money.
D.
Money has no utility for the consumer.
Question No. 21
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The application of the Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility suggests that for optimal satisfaction, consumers should distribute their income in such a way that:
A.
Marginal utility from all goods is maximized
B.
Total utility from all goods is minimized
C.
The ratio of marginal utility to price is equal for all goods
D.
They only consume goods with increasing marginal utility
Question No. 22
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A key condition for the Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility is that the consumption units should be:
A.
Very small and unnoticeable
B.
Large enough to be considered standard units of consumption
C.
Variable in size depending on the consumer's mood
D.
Priced differently for each unit
Question No. 23
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If a consumer starts enjoying a good more with each additional unit consumed (e.g., certain types of hobbies or learning), this would represent a situation where:
A.
The Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility holds strongly
B.
Marginal utility is decreasing but positive
C.
The Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility is temporarily suspended or an exception applies
D.
Total Utility has reached its maximum
Question No. 24
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Which of the following is typically a characteristic of the Total Utility curve when the Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility is in effect?
A.
It is always a straight line with a positive slope.
B.
It increases at a decreasing rate, reaches a maximum, and then declines.
C.
It continuously decreases after the first unit.
D.
It is always U-shaped.
Question No. 25
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Consider a situation where a person is continuously listening to their favorite song. Initially, the enjoyment is high, but after multiple repetitions, the enjoyment from each successive listen starts to wane. This illustrates:
A.
The Law of Increasing Returns
B.
The concept of producer surplus
C.
The Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility
D.
The income effect on demand
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