Demand and Supply Fundamentals
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Question No. 1
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The Law of Demand states that, ceteris paribus, as the price of a good increases, the quantity demanded will:
A.
Increase
B.
Decrease
C.
Remain constant
D.
First increase then decrease
Question No. 2
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A movement along the demand curve is caused by a change in:
A.
Consumer income
B.
The price of the good itself
C.
The price of substitute goods
D.
Consumer preferences
Question No. 3
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Which of the following factors would cause a rightward shift in the supply curve for wheat?
A.
An increase in the price of fertilizer
B.
A decrease in the market price of wheat
C.
An improvement in wheat farming technology
D.
An increase in the demand for corn (a substitute in production)
Question No. 4
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When the quantity demanded exceeds the quantity supplied at a given price, it results in a:
A.
Surplus
B.
Shortage
C.
Equilibrium
D.
Price ceiling
Question No. 5
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If an increase in consumer income leads to a decrease in the demand for a good, that good is classified as a(n):
A.
Normal good
B.
Inferior good
C.
Luxury good
D.
Complementary good
Question No. 6
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The market equilibrium price is the price at which:
A.
Quantity demanded is greater than quantity supplied
B.
Quantity supplied is greater than quantity demanded
C.
Quantity demanded equals quantity supplied
D.
Producers make the maximum profit
Question No. 7
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Which of the following would NOT shift the demand curve for coffee?
A.
A change in the price of tea (a substitute)
B.
A change in consumer preferences for coffee
C.
A change in the price of coffee beans
D.
A change in the average income of consumers
Question No. 8
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If the price elasticity of demand for a product is greater than 1, demand is considered:
A.
Inelastic
B.
Unit elastic
C.
Elastic
D.
Perfectly inelastic
Question No. 9
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A decrease in the price of a complementary good will typically lead to:
A.
A decrease in the demand for the original good
B.
An increase in the demand for the original good
C.
No change in the demand for the original good
D.
A decrease in the supply of the original good
Question No. 10
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The Law of Supply states that, ceteris paribus, as the price of a good increases, the quantity supplied will:
A.
Decrease
B.
Increase
C.
Remain constant
D.
Become unpredictable
Question No. 11
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Which of the following scenarios would lead to an indeterminate change in the equilibrium price but a definite increase in the equilibrium quantity?
A.
Both demand and supply decrease
B.
Demand increases and supply decreases
C.
Both demand and supply increase
D.
Demand decreases and supply increases
Question No. 12
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Producer surplus is defined as the:
A.
Difference between the highest price a consumer is willing to pay and the market price
B.
Total revenue minus total cost
C.
Difference between the market price and the minimum price producers are willing to accept
D.
Quantity supplied minus the quantity demanded
Question No. 13
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If a government imposes a binding price floor on a good, the likely outcome would be a:
A.
Shortage
B.
Surplus
C.
Increase in equilibrium quantity
D.
Decrease in consumer surplus only
Question No. 14
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Price elasticity of supply measures the responsiveness of:
A.
Quantity demanded to a change in price
B.
Quantity supplied to a change in price
C.
Consumer income to a change in price
D.
Producer costs to a change in output
Question No. 15
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When the demand for a product is perfectly inelastic, the demand curve is:
A.
Horizontal
B.
Vertical
C.
Upward sloping
D.
Downward sloping
Question No. 16
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Consumer surplus is the area:
A.
Above the supply curve and below the price
B.
Below the demand curve and above the price
C.
Between the demand and supply curves
D.
Below the demand curve up to the quantity demanded
Question No. 17
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Cross-price elasticity of demand measures how the quantity demanded of one good changes in response to a change in:
A.
Its own price
B.
Consumer income
C.
The price of another good
D.
Production technology
Question No. 18
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If the cross-price elasticity of demand between two goods is positive, the goods are:
A.
Normal goods
B.
Inferior goods
C.
Substitutes
D.
Complements
Question No. 19
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A binding price ceiling leads to a:
A.
Surplus
B.
Shortage
C.
Increase in supply
D.
Decrease in demand
Question No. 20
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The concept of 'derived demand' refers to the demand for:
A.
Luxury goods that are not essential
B.
Goods that are a result of consumer fads
C.
A factor of production that results from the demand for the final product it helps to produce
D.
Goods for which demand is perfectly elastic
Question No. 21
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Which of the following would NOT cause a shift in the supply curve for apples?
A.
A change in the wages of apple pickers
B.
A technological advancement in apple harvesting
C.
A change in the price of apples
D.
A change in government subsidies for apple farming
Question No. 22
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If the income elasticity of demand for a good is negative, it indicates that the good is a(n):
A.
Normal good
B.
Luxury good
C.
Inferior good
D.
Necessity
Question No. 23
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In the short run, the supply curve for agricultural products is often:
A.
Perfectly elastic
B.
Relatively inelastic
C.
Perfectly elastic at low prices, inelastic at high prices
D.
Downward sloping
Question No. 24
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An expectation by consumers that the price of a good will increase in the near future will most likely lead to:
A.
A decrease in current demand
B.
An increase in current demand
C.
A decrease in current supply
D.
A movement along the current demand curve
Question No. 25
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Which of the following describes a situation where both the equilibrium price and equilibrium quantity increase?
A.
Supply decreases and demand increases
B.
Demand increases and supply remains constant
C.
Supply increases and demand decreases
D.
Both supply and demand decrease
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